Udindo ndi Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya NTC Thermistor Temperature Sensors mu Automotive Power Steering Systems

NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) masensa kutentha kwa thermistor amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakina owongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto, makamaka pakuwunika kutentha ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo chadongosolo. Pansipa pali kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ntchito zawo ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito:

I. Ntchito za NTC Thermistors

1. Kuteteza Kutentha Kwambiri
   • Kuwunika Kutentha kwa Magalimoto:M'makina a Electric Power Steering (EPS), kuyendetsa galimoto kwanthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kutentha kwambiri chifukwa chakuchulukira kapena zinthu zachilengedwe. Sensa ya NTC imayang'anira kutentha kwagalimoto munthawi yeniyeni. Ngati kutentha kupitirira malire otetezeka, dongosololi limachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi kapena kumayambitsa njira zotetezera kuti zisawonongeke.
   • Kuwunika Kutentha kwa Hydraulic Fluid:M'makina a Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering (EHPS), kutentha kwamadzimadzi kwamadzimadzi kumachepetsa kukhuthala, kutsitsa chithandizo chowongolera. Sensa ya NTC imawonetsetsa kuti madzi amadzimadzi azikhala mkati mwazomwe zimagwira ntchito, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa chisindikizo kapena kutayikira.
2. Kukhathamiritsa Kwantchito Kwadongosolo
   • Malipiro Ochepa:Pakutentha kotsika, kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa hydraulic fluid kumatha kuchepetsa chiwongolero. Sensa ya NTC imapereka chidziwitso cha kutentha, kupangitsa makinawo kuti asinthe mawonekedwe a chithandizo (mwachitsanzo, kukulitsa ma motor motor kapena kusintha ma valve a hydraulic valve) kuti amve chiwongolero chokhazikika.
   • Dynamic Control:Deta ya kutentha kwanthawi yeniyeni imathandizira ma aligorivimu owongolera kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi komanso liwiro la kuyankha.
3. Kuzindikira Zolakwa ndi Kuchepetsa Chitetezo
   • Imazindikira zolakwika za sensa (mwachitsanzo, mabwalo otseguka/afupi), kuyambitsa ma code olakwika, ndikuyatsa mitundu yolephera kuteteza magwiridwe antchito.

II. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya NTC Thermistors

1. Kutentha-Kukana Ubale
   Kukaniza kwa thermistor ya NTC kumachepa kwambiri ndi kukwera kwa kutentha, motsatira ndondomekoyi:

                                                             RT=R0⋅eB(T1 -T0 1)

KutiRT= kukana kutenthaT,R0 = kukana mwadzina pa kutentha kwachidziwitsoT0 (mwachitsanzo, 25°C), ndiB= zinthu zosasintha.

2. Kusintha kwa Signal ndi Kukonza
   • Chigawo cha Voltage Divider: NTC imaphatikizidwa mu dera logawanitsa magetsi ndi chopinga chokhazikika. Kusintha kochititsa chidwi ndi kutentha kumasintha ma voltage pagawo logawanitsa.
   • Kutembenuka kwa AD ndi Kuwerengera: ECU imatembenuza siginecha yamagetsi kukhala kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito matebulo oyang'ana kapena equation ya Steinhart-Hart:

                                                             T1 =A+Bln(R)+C(ln(R)) 3

• Kutsegula kwa Threshold: ECU imayambitsa zochita zoteteza (mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa mphamvu) potengera malo omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale (mwachitsanzo, 120 ° C kwa ma motors, 80 ° C kwa hydraulic fluid).
2. Kusinthasintha Kwachilengedwe
   • Kupaka Kwamphamvu: Imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotentha kwambiri, zosagwira mafuta, komanso zosagwedezeka (monga epoxy resin kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) popanga magalimoto ovuta.
   • Kusefa Phokoso: Mabwalo owongolera ma Signal amaphatikiza zosefera kuti athetse kusokoneza kwamagetsi.

     

III. Ntchito Zofananira

1. EPS Motor Winding Temperature Monitoring
   • Ophatikizidwa mu ma stator amagalimoto kuti azindikire mwachindunji kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, kuteteza kulephera kwa kutchinjiriza.
2. Kuwunika Kutentha kwa Hydraulic Fluid Circuit Temperature
   • Amayikidwa mumayendedwe amadzimadzi kuti aziwongolera kusintha kwa ma valve.
3. ECU Heat Dissipation Monitoring
   • Imayang'anira kutentha kwa mkati mwa ECU kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwazinthu zamagetsi.

IV. Mavuto Aukadaulo ndi Mayankho

• Malipiro a Nonlinearity:Kuwongolera kolondola kwambiri kapena kutsata pang'onopang'ono kumawongolera kuwerengera kutentha.
• Kukonzekera Kwanthawi Yamayankho:Ma NTC ang'onoang'ono amachepetsa nthawi yoyankhira kutentha (mwachitsanzo, <10 masekondi).
• Kukhazikika Kwanthawi Yaitali:Ma NTC amtundu wa magalimoto (mwachitsanzo, AEC-Q200 certified) amatsimikizira kudalirika pa kutentha kwakukulu (-40 ° C mpaka 150 ° C).

Chidule

Ma thermistors a NTC mumakina owongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto amathandizira kuyang'anira kutentha kwanthawi yeniyeni pofuna kuteteza kutenthedwa, kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito, komanso kuzindikira zolakwika. Mfundo yawo yayikulu imathandizira kusintha kwa kutentha kumadalira kutentha, kuphatikizika ndi kapangidwe ka dera ndikuwongolera ma aligorivimu, kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera. Pamene kuyendetsa galimoto kumasintha, deta ya kutentha idzathandizira kukonzanso zolosera komanso kusakanikirana kwadongosolo.